Zang Kejia
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Lin Huiyin: 'Lady of Letters'
A number of books have been published recently which reexamine the fascinating life and work of groundbreaking architectural historian and 'Lady of Letters', Lin Huiyin. Lin Huiyin, (1904-1955), an outstanding female poet and architectural historian from the first half of the 20th century in China, was an erudite generalist who wrote about literature, arts, architecture and philosophy. The favorite daughter of Mr. Lin Changmin, a high-rank governor in the Beiyang Government, 16-year-old Lin Huiyin traveled with her father around Europe and the United States in the 1920s. In 1928, Lin got married in Canada to Mr. Liang Sicheng, son of China's famous politician and scholar, Liang Qichao. The couple had met while studying at Pennsylvania University in America. On returning to China, Lin Huiyin started teaching architecture at Northeast University and then moved to Beijing's Qinghua University. She co-wrote the famous "Development Stages of Chinese Architecture" with her husband Liang Sicheng and another architect. She also contributed to the design for China's National Emblem and the Hero of the People's Monument in Beijing's Tiananmen Square. Accompanying her husband to thousands of ancient Chinese architectural sites, most of which were in remote areas, she worked tirelessly to research China's architectural history. She and her husband lobbied hard to protect many of the old buildings in Beijing at a time when the municipal government was leveling many parts of the city for new construction. Lin and her husband Liang Sicheng One of Li Huiyin's paintings Lin Huiyin's interests were very extensive and in addition to her work on architecture, she also wrote poems, essays, short stories and plays as well as translating works from English. She was well known in literary circles as hostess of one of the country's most famous literary salons in her home in Beijing's Zhongbu Hutong. One of the more sensational parts of Lin Huiyin's life was her affair with romantic poet Xu Zhimo and she remains best known nowadays as an extremely beautiful female poet of the 1930s. As a symbol of independent women of the time, Lin Huiyin and her western education and fluent English gave her a broader outlook on life than most women of the time. Despite suffering from phthisis towards the end of her life, she never abandoned her work. One famous writer recalled once visited to the ailing Lin, "She looked anything but a sick person and was wearing a horse riding dress. She still talked so quickly that you couldn't get a word in. She never talked indirectly, or vaguely, but always straight to the point. Her criticisms never offended others and I was always amazed by her extraordinary understanding of the arts." (CRI June 18, 2004)
Mr. Wen Yiduo’s Former Residence: My ultimate love is Tsinghua
Mr. Wen Yiduo (1899~1946), whose primitive name was Jiahua, alias Yiduo, entered Tsinghua University in the autumn of 1912 and studied in America in 1922 when he majored in Arts at Chicago Academy of Fine Arts and University of Colorado. Due to being homesick due to his love for this nation, he went back to China in 1925 and started giving lectures in many universities. In August 1932, Mr. Wen was recruited by Tsinghua University and served as a professor in the Department of Chinese Literature. During that time, accommodation in Tsinghua University was in short supply. At first, Mr. Wen Yiduo settled down with Dr. Gu Yuxiu (1902-2002, who was a well-known scholar in China) at Dayuan which was next to the west gate of Tsinghua University. In March 1933, he moved to No.46 Xiyuan. One year later, the western style houses at Xinlin Yuan courtyard were completed, Mr. Wen Yiduo moved to No. 72 Xinlin Yuan courtyard which was the biggest dwelling among the other residences. “It had different sized bedrooms, study rooms, living rooms, dining rooms, storage rooms, bedrooms for help, kitchens, toilets, totally to 14 rooms. It was also equipped with electric lights, telephones, electric bells, cold and hot water equipment etc. Both sides of the corridor were decorated with a green lawn and surrounded by holly dwarf cypress walls; there was also a big fishbowl in the middle of the mown. The study room was broad and bright, the bookcase nearly touched the ceiling and a desk was put next to window. The environment was perfect for Mr. Wen Yiduo, due to which most researches were conducted here. He would take a walk at the large balcony or the clean weeds in the mown or have fun with goldfishes when he felt tired. In winter, he would make snowmen or snowballs with children.” As an artist and a poet, Mr. Wen Yuduo holds a thick artistic temperament. He cared about the artistic atmosphere at home, he taught his wife how to write poems and helped his son improve his handwriting. He wanted his life to be filled with artistic colors, for example, he inlayed a golden fresco on a black wall, which created an extremely romantic household tone. Mr. Wen Lipeng, the son of Mr. Wen Yiduo recalled: “During my childhood, my father always cultivated an atmosphere where poems combined with an artist created a cohesive ‘magnetic field’ and ‘aura’.” Before the second of Anti-Japanese War, Mr. Wen Yiduo indulged himself into ancient books and records. He always gave academic guides to students who visited his home. In the early winter of 1935, postgraduate Zhang Qingchang went to No.72 Xinlin Yuan Courtyard and visited Mr. Wen Yiduo. Mr. Wen suggested him to write The Book of Songs by using words from West Zhou and East Zhou dynasty in order to return the original character appearance of The Book of Songs, Zhang Qingchang was deeply inspired by this suggestion. In June 1937, Zang Kejia (1905-2004, a renowned poet in China) came to Peking from Qingdao, he reminisced of when he visited Mr. Wen Yiduo at No.72 Xinlin Yuan Courtyard: “He lived in a one-story building, there was a small courtyard filled with grass, the living environment was full of vigor. The study table, worn-out writing brush and wall of books were still the same. When he saw me, he threw away the pen he was holding and stood up with great surprise. Then he handed me a cigarette to smoke. This time, I saw mythologies instead of poetries of Tang Dynasty and poet Du Fu quotations on his large notebooks.” After the December 9th Movement in 1935, the Kuomintang government strengthened its control on students. On Feb 29th, 1936, more than 400 military guards rushed into the Tsinghua campus and encircled student dormitories. They started to capture pioneer students from 7 pm, whilst professors’ homes became students’ shelters. “Huang Cheng and Yao Yilin hid themselves at Professor Feng Youlan’s homes, Wei Yumei, Wei Junyi, Wang Zuomin and other students hid themselves at Professor Zhu Ziqing’s home, other students hid themselves at Professor Wen Yiduo’s home.” When the War of Resistance Against Japan fully broke out in 1937, Mr. Wen Yiduo moved to Wuhan with his family, then they went to Changsha, Kunming. Due to leaving in a hurry, all the books and other valuable items were left at No.72 Xinlin Yuan courtyard. Soon afterwards the Japanese went into Tsinghua campus, where Mr. Wen’s books and treasures were destroyed. “I don’t want to be an officer, I don’t want to leave Tsinghua either”, said Mr. Wen Yiduo, he never thought that this time of rush-off became his farewell to Tsinghua campus. During the fierce war situation, Mr. Wen didn’t stay at the study room anymore; he rose with force and defended democracy. On July 15th, 1946, Mr. Wen Yiduo has been assassinated by the Kuomintang government, but his brave and just spirit has forever become the ridge of the nation of China. Note: This article was adapted from Tsinghua University History Museum’s WeChat account “qhdxxsg”. Yao Yaxin is the original author. Some contents were adapted in this article as per requirement. From July 4th to September 11th, the spotlights will update once per week.
Brief market research of Qingdao, China
General Overview of Qingdao Qingdao also know in the western world as Tsingtao, lies in the east of Shandong Province. Because of the excellent Natural geographical position, Qingdao is one of the best and the largest seaports in China. It has also established cooperative relations with 450 different ports in 130 countries all around the world. In order to connect with South Korea and Japan, Qingdao develops many ferries. For now, the Orient Ferry goes directly to Shimonoseki, Japan from Qingdao and there are two ferry lines between South Korea and Qingdao. In addition, the New Golden Bridge II operates between Qingdao and Incheon, and the Blue Sea Ferry operates between Qingdao and Gunsan. Historically Qingdao is colonized by Germany and Japan so that there are still many German style buildings in the downtown (especially Taixi) and a large number of areas in former foreign styles are well preserved. What else, a large population of Korean gives Qingdao a special atmosphere. All that mentioned above makes Qingdao a multi-cultural and international city. The education in Qingdao is also remarkable. There are all kinds of universities in Qingdao, such as Ocean University of China (formerly Ocean University of Qingdao), the primary university of the specialty in China, Petroleum University of China, Qingdao campus, Qingdao University and so on. A lot of celebrities are born or live in Qingdao nowadays. Litterateurs and writers as Shen Congwen(�000�, Wen Yiduo(闻一多), Zang Kejia(臧克家) are all born in Qingdao. Li Zhaoxing, the former foreign minister of the People’s Republic of China is also from Qingdao. Qingdao is also home of some famous actors and actress such as Huang Xiaoming, Chen Hao, Xia Yu and Fan Bingbing. Chinese and Foreign Companies in Qingdao As an international city, Qingdao is the most developed city in Shandong Province, so that plenty of foreign companies come to Qingdao to set up branches and factories. MSK Maersk, Ikea, Citi Bank, KPMG etc. can be found in Qingdao both in the city center and the economic development zone, which is also a sign of the fast developing of Qingdao’s economy. Apart from the foreign companies, Chinese companies in Qingdao are also outstanding in the whole industry. Qingdao is the home of Haier group, Hisense, Tsingtao beer, Aucma and Double Star. The Beer and Yacht in Qingdao Lying across the Shandong Peninsula while looking out to the Yellow Sea, Qingdao is a major seaport, naval base, and industrial centre. With Qingdao’s unique positioning, all the visitors and locals will have direct access to the Marina as well as the International yacht club. Olympics sailing base is a relatively new sailing base. It attracts lots of foreign tourists. In Qingdao, there are lots of yachts and marine companies among which are Hailun Yacht, Stone Yacht, Bin Hi marina and so on. There are also foreign yacht companies in Qingdao now such as Beneteau from France. It is also the site of the Tsingtao Brewery. Every year, in August, there will be the Qingdao Beer Festival and the Qingdao Marine Festival, which provides colorful activities and will enrich the city life as well. For a complete research on yachts in China (in French) and on the French website: Yachts en Chine
Knowledge Graph
Examples
1 The culture quality of Zang Kejia's prose came from his cultivation in language, tradition and humanism spirits.
2 This thesis attempts to study Zang Kejia's poems before 1949 from the perspective of realism while not being restricted by the concept.
3 Zang Kejia left a rich legacy to contemporary Chinese Parnassus after he passed away. His new poetry creation still has profound influence on modern poets.